daita2019
所在地：東京都
用途：住宅
構造・構法：木造軸組み構法
階数：地下1階 地上2階
敷地面積：109.69㎡
建築面積：62.75㎡
延床面積：138.50㎡
構造：TECTONICA
施工：ビルドラボ
竣工年：2019年
Site: Tokyo Pref.
Kind: House
Structure: wooden structure
Story: 3stories including 1 basement floor
Site Area: 109.69㎡
Building Area: 62.75㎡
Total Floor Area: 138.50㎡
Structure Engineer: TECTONICA
Constructor: Build Lab
Year: 2019
用途：住宅
構造・構法：木造軸組み構法
階数：地下1階 地上2階
敷地面積：109.69㎡
建築面積：62.75㎡
延床面積：138.50㎡
構造：TECTONICA
施工：ビルドラボ
竣工年：2019年
Site: Tokyo Pref.
Kind: House
Structure: wooden structure
Story: 3stories including 1 basement floor
Site Area: 109.69㎡
Building Area: 62.75㎡
Total Floor Area: 138.50㎡
Structure Engineer: TECTONICA
Constructor: Build Lab
Year: 2019
この家の設計をしながら、私は数年前に訪れたルワンダの森を思い出していた。それはルワンダ、コンゴ、ウガンダの三ヶ国の国境となるビルンガ火山群の森林で、そこには野生のマウンテンゴリラの群れが日々その広大な森の中を自由に移動しながら生活していた。地元の人の案内で、ある一つの群れに追いついた時、彼らはちょうど、森の中にぽっかりと空いた柔らかな茂みに腰を下ろし休憩していた。子供たちは木の上の方に上って遊んだり、大人たちの間を駆け回っていたが、大人たちは銘々に心地良さそうな草の中にすっぽりと納まり、毛づくろいをしたり草や木の皮をバリバリと食べていた。それはまるで家の風景だった。彼らは鬱蒼と茂る木々の中に居場所を見つけ、即興的に家を作っていた。壁や屋根があるわけではないが、木々や背の高い草、それらに絡まる蔦植物、地形の凹凸がつくる多くの線の重なりと見え掛りが、住人の存在を包み、家となりうる快適な密度を作っていた。これは、ゴリラの森のヴァナキュラー建築である。
東京の小さな住宅地の一角に、このような家があったらどうだろうか。むき出しの生活が、重層する線材とさまざまな奥行きをつくりだす物によって柔らかく包まれ、日差しや通りを行き交う人の視線から少し遠のくような家を作れないか。そのためにはまず、家の中も外も徹底的に線を多く浮き出させようと考えた。構造材は露出させ、材と材の接合部分や貼り合わせ部分も断面部に見えるようにした。家と庭の間には壁をつくらず、すべて窓サッシや建具で組み立てた。木の角材や鉄骨部材、単管パイプの柱や梁、筋交いなどのストラクチャーに加えて、階段のささらや手摺、窓のサッシ枠、家具やカーテン、本、衣服などの雑貨、樹木や植物の鉢植え、自転車、ジョウロ、ショベル、さらには住人の映像制作の仕事に関わる膨大な図書やビデオテープ、DVDなど、さまざまな生活の風景をつくるものを溢れ出させた。そうして建物の外から中に至るまで、多くの線材が織り込まれるように重層して、その中でそれぞれの住人が自由気ままに生活し、腰を落ち着ける環境を見つけられるようにした。
庭には果樹や香草、野菜など食用となる植物や、剪定の際に切り花として活用できるものを多く選んだ。鋼製パイプで構成されたフレームの中に、生活空間の延長であり、収穫のためのプラットフォームともなるテラスを広げ、定期的な枝葉の剪定を必要とする樹木の周りに階段を設け、道路沿いの蔓植物が伸びるフェンスに沿ってキャットウォークを走らせている。家の内部では構造体と物がお互いの存在を打ち消すことなく共存しているように、家の外部においても、構造体と植物が共に密度を作り上げていくように計画した。
構造はコストやメンテナンス性、また将来の増改築の可能性から、室内部分は木造、屋外部分は鉄骨造にしている。単管パイプはクランプによって簡単につけ外しが可能なため、出入口を変えたり、手摺にしたり、植物の支柱にしたり、物を干したり吊るしたり、と日々の生活の中の要求に合わせて形を変えていくことができる。建物と庭の境界面は、それぞれの部屋の要請によってアルミサッシ、木製サッシ、鋼製サッシを使い分け、さらに引き違い窓、滑り出し窓、片開き窓、ジャロジー窓など大小さまざまな開口が並ぶ。それらサッシの開閉によって、家が庭へ流れ出し、庭が家の中に入り込み、二つの風景が重なり合って、ゴリラの森のような心地よい住空間を作り出している。
構造/テクトニカ・東京藝術大学大学院金田研究室 施工/ビルドラボ
While designing this house, I remembered the Rwanda forest where I visited a few years ago. It is a vast forest of the Virunga Volcanoes, where the border of the three countries of Rwanda, Congo and Uganda is, and where wild mountain gorillas live their everyday lives as they travel. When we caught up with a troop of gorillas by the guidance of local people, they just sat down and rested among soft bushes in an open space of the forest. Infant gorillas played upon the trees and ran around among adult gorillas, while each adult settled comfortably in the grass, to groom themselves or to eat grass and tree bark. It was like a scene in a house. They found their places among dense trees and improvised their houses. Though there are no walls or roofs, trees, tall grass and creepers entwined with them, the overlaps and outlines created by unevenness of the terrain, were enclosing the presence of inhabitants, to form a comfortable density that can be called a house. This is the vernacular architecture in the gorilla forest.
What if there is such a house, in a small corner of a residential area in Tokyo? Is it possible to create a house, where a bare life is softly enclosed with layers of linear materials and objects to shape various depths, and where is a little far from the sun and eyes of people in streets? In order to achieve it, I first decided to emphasize linear elements radically both inside and outside the house.
Structural materials are exposed so that joints and bonded parts can be seen from the side. There is no wall between the house and its garden, but a composite of windows and joinery assembled together. In addition to structural elements such as squared timbers, steel members, pillars and beams of single pipes and bracings, there are staircases, balustrades, window frames, furniture, curtains, books, clothing and other sundries, trees, pot-plants, bicycles, a watering pot, shovels, and moreover, a huge amount of books, videotapes, DVDs etc. of the resident’s video production-work, being scattered around to shape varied scenes of life. Layers of lines are interwoven from the outside to the inside of the building, so that each inhabitant can live freely and find one’s own relaxing environment.
For the garden, I selected many edible plants such as fruit trees, herbs, vegetables, and plants that can be used as cut flowers when pruning. I extended the living space and the terraces that serve as platforms for harvesting, put a staircase around trees that require regular pruning, and laid a catwalk by the road along the fence where vines grow, within the frames of steel pipes. Just as the structures and objects coexist inside the house without negating each other, I Planned the structures and plants to make a density together Outside.
Due to the cost, maintainability, future possibility of expansion and reconstruction, I chose wooden structure for the interior while the exterior structure is made of steel. Single pipes can be easily assembled and disassembled by clamps, so it is possible to customize according to demand of daily life, such as changing doorways, adding a new balustrade, setting a plant strut or a wash-line pole to hanging things. The boundary between the building and the garden is made up of aluminum, wooden and steel sashes according to the requirements of each room. There are large and small sliding windows, projecting windows, single swing windows and jalousie windows. By opening and closing these sashes, the house flows into the garden and the garden sneaks into the house, thus overlapped two scenes have created a comfortable living space just like a gorilla forest.
2019-12-23
What if there is such a house, in a small corner of a residential area in Tokyo? Is it possible to create a house, where a bare life is softly enclosed with layers of linear materials and objects to shape various depths, and where is a little far from the sun and eyes of people in streets? In order to achieve it, I first decided to emphasize linear elements radically both inside and outside the house.
Structural materials are exposed so that joints and bonded parts can be seen from the side. There is no wall between the house and its garden, but a composite of windows and joinery assembled together. In addition to structural elements such as squared timbers, steel members, pillars and beams of single pipes and bracings, there are staircases, balustrades, window frames, furniture, curtains, books, clothing and other sundries, trees, pot-plants, bicycles, a watering pot, shovels, and moreover, a huge amount of books, videotapes, DVDs etc. of the resident’s video production-work, being scattered around to shape varied scenes of life. Layers of lines are interwoven from the outside to the inside of the building, so that each inhabitant can live freely and find one’s own relaxing environment.
For the garden, I selected many edible plants such as fruit trees, herbs, vegetables, and plants that can be used as cut flowers when pruning. I extended the living space and the terraces that serve as platforms for harvesting, put a staircase around trees that require regular pruning, and laid a catwalk by the road along the fence where vines grow, within the frames of steel pipes. Just as the structures and objects coexist inside the house without negating each other, I Planned the structures and plants to make a density together Outside.
Due to the cost, maintainability, future possibility of expansion and reconstruction, I chose wooden structure for the interior while the exterior structure is made of steel. Single pipes can be easily assembled and disassembled by clamps, so it is possible to customize according to demand of daily life, such as changing doorways, adding a new balustrade, setting a plant strut or a wash-line pole to hanging things. The boundary between the building and the garden is made up of aluminum, wooden and steel sashes according to the requirements of each room. There are large and small sliding windows, projecting windows, single swing windows and jalousie windows. By opening and closing these sashes, the house flows into the garden and the garden sneaks into the house, thus overlapped two scenes have created a comfortable living space just like a gorilla forest.
2019-12-23
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Suzuko Yamada Architects, Inc. Tokyo, JAPAN